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Heshanggou Formation

Heshanggou Fm

Period: 
Triassic

Age Interval: 
Late Early Triassic, (TJ53, TJ54, TJ55, TJ56)


Province: 
Shanxi

Type Locality and Naming

It is named in 1959 by Liu Hongyun et al. The type section is located at Sunjiagou, Dongzhai Township, Ningwu County, Shanxi; the reference section is located at Hongyatou, Yushe.

Synonym:


Lithology and Thickness

It is mainly consisting of purplish red, brick red sandy mudstone and mudstone, with gray purplish red, purplish red medium-thick layer, medium-thin layer fine-grained feldspar sandstone, thin plate-like siltstone, etc., partially intercalated with gray-green feldspar sandstone, gray-green, gray shale, thin layer of sandy shale or lens. Mudstone contains calcareous nodules and gray-green siltstone, mudstone bands and clumps. The bottom is sandpaper mudstone with small calcareous nodules. The thickness is 248.2 m.


Lithology Pattern: 
Sandy claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

It is in conformable contact with the underlying Liujiagou Fm

Upper contact

It is in conformable contact with the overlying Ermaying Fm

Regional extent

This group is mainly distributed in the Ordos Basin and surrounding areas. The deposit is stable, the middle part is thinner, and the thickness increases to the north and south sides, and the grain size gradually becomes finer from bottom to top.


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Plant fossils: Pleuromeia sternbergi, P. rossica, Crematopteris circunalis; Ancient vertebrates: Fugusuchus hejiapanensis, Ceratodus heshanggouensis, Capitosauridae, Benthosuchidae; Ostracod: Darwinula triassiana, D. parva, D. ingrata, D. rotundata; Leaf limbs: Glyptoasmussia cf. quadrata, Aquilonvglypta xilougouensis, Diaolexa varidicta; Pollen: Verrucosis porites, Punctatis porites, Neoraistrickia, Alisporutes, Podocaridites.


Age 

The named Heshanggou Formation refers to the upper part of the Permian "Shiqianfeng Series". From the early 1960s to 1980, during the in-depth study of the "Shiqianfeng Group" by the Chinese Institute of Geological Sciences, according to the abundant paleontological vertebrates, ostracods, leaf limbs, bivalves and spores found in the Heshanggou Formation. The Fan Group, etc., set its age as the late Early Triassic. In the mid-1970s, the Shanxi District Survey Team and the North China Institute of Geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences classified the Heshanggou Formation into the Early Triassic based on the Pleuromeia flora discovered. Tong et al. (2019; Triassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China; Science China: Earth Sciences, 82: 189-222) indicate that it as early through middle Olenekian.

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Olenekian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.15

    Beginning date (Ma): 
249.40

    Ending stage: 
Olenekian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
246.70

Depositional setting

It is interpreted as inland river facies deposition in a hot dry climate.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Cao Hongsheng, Li Jiaqi and Tong Jinnan.